研究者詳細 - 軍司　敦子

Irony comprehension requires integration of social contextual information. Previous studies have investigated temporal aspects of irony processing and its neural substrates using psychological/electroencephalogram or functional magnetic resonance imaging methods, but have not clarified the temporospatial neural mechanisms of irony comprehension. Therefore, we used magnetoencephalography to investigate the neural generators of alpha-band (8–13 Hz) event-related desynchronization (ERD) occurring from 600 to 900 ms following the onset of a critical sentence at which social situational contexts activated ironic representation. We found that the right anterior temporal lobe, which is involved in processing social knowledge and evaluating others’ intentions, exhibited stronger alpha ERD following an ironic statement than following a literal statement. We also found that alpha power in the left anterior temporal lobe correlated with the participants’ communication abilities. These results elucidate the temporospatial neural mechanisms of language comprehension in social contexts, including non-literal processing.

その他リンク： http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0093934X17300275?via%3Dihub

Neural oscillations in the temporal pole for a temporally congruent audio-visual speech detection task.

Ohki T, Gunji A, Takei Y, Takahashi H, Kaneko Y, Kita Y, Hironaga N, Tobimatsu S, Kamio Y, Hanakawa … 全著者表示

Scientific Reports 6 ( 37973 ) 1 - 14 2016年11月 [査読有り]

DOI Web of Science PubMed

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）共著

注意の状態が及ぼす脳機能と注意障害の病態を捉える生物学的マーカを探索した．健常成人を対象に脳磁図を記録したところ，注意を要する視聴覚統合処理の際には，Temporal Pole (TP) 領域におけるδ帯域 (2-4Hz) の位相とβ帯域 (15-30Hz) の活動が同期して一定の関係性を維持する現象が生じることを発見した．

その他リンク： http://www.nature.com/articles/srep37973

ヒト声聴取時の感覚運動野における脳磁場反応

軍司敦子, 竹市博臣, 廣永成人, 高橋秀俊, 金子裕, 飛松省三, 稲垣真澄

日本生体磁気学会誌特別号 29 ( 1 ) 40 - 41 2016年6月

記述言語：日本語掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）出版者・発行元：日本生体磁気学会共著

ASD児において有意に減衰するヒト声への脳反応について脳磁図を用いて関連部位を探索したところ，他の音に比べてヒト声の聴取では運動野および体性感覚野の活動が増大することを確認した．

Auditory agnosia as the clinical symptom of childhood adrenoleukodystrophy

Wakana Furushima, Makiko Kaga, Masako Nakamura, Atsuko Gunji, Masumi Inagaki

Brain & Development 37 ( 7 ) 690 - 697. 2015年8月 [査読有り]

DOI Web of Science PubMed

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Elsevier 共著

[Objective] To investigate detailed auditory features in patients with auditory impairment as the first clinical symptoms of childhood adrenoleukodystrophy (CSALD). [Subjects and Methods] Three patients who had hearing difficulty as the first clinical signs and/or symptoms of ALD. Precise examination of the clinical characteristics of hearing and auditory function was performed, including assessments of pure tone audiometry, verbal sound discrimination, otoacoustic emission (OAE), and auditory brainstem response (ABR), as well as an environmental sound discrimination test, a sound lateralization test, and a dichotic listening test(DLT). The auditory pathway was evaluated by MRI in each patient.[Results] Poor response to calling was detected in all patients. Two patients were not aware of their hearing difficulty, and had been diagnosed with normal hearing by otolaryngologists at first. Pure-tone audiometry disclosed normal hearing in all patients. All patients showed a normal wave V ABR threshold. Three patients showed obvious difficulty in discriminating verbal sounds, environmental sounds, and sound lateralization and strong left-ear suppression in a dichotic listening test. However, once they discriminated verbal sounds, they correctly understood the meaning. Two patients showed elongation of the I-V and III-V interwave intervals in ABR, but one showed no abnormality. MRIs of these three patients revealed signal changes in auditory radiation including in other subcortical areas. [Conclusion] The hearing features of these subjects were diagnosed as auditory agnosia and not aphasia. It should be emphasized that when patients are suspected to have hearing impairment but have no abnormalities in pure tone audiometry and/or ABR, this should not be diagnosed immediately as psychogenic response or pathomimesis, but auditory agnosia must also be considered.

Differential electrophysiological responses to biological motion in children and adults with and without autism spectrum disorders

Masahiro Hirai, Atsuko Gunji, Yuki Inoue, Yosuke Kita, Takashi Hayashi, Kengo Nishimaki, Miho Nakam … 全著者表示

Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders 8 ( 12 ) 1623 - 1634 2014年9月 [査読有り]

DOI Web of Science

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Elsevier 共著

Although atypical processing of biological motion (BM) in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been reported, the temporal profile of the neural response to BM is not well explored. In the current study, event-related potentials (ERPs) were measured in 12 individuals with ASD, aged 8–22 years, and 12 age- and gender-matched normal controls, to investigate the electrophysiological response to BM and a control visual stimulus. By introducing a novel experimental paradigm that can dissociate the electrophysiological responses to motion processing and the global shape processing of BM, we found that: (1) the timing of the response was preserved in ASD groups, whereas (2) the ERP response to BM was significantly enhanced compared with scrambled point-light motion (SM) in normal controls; the responses to both BM and SM were not significantly different in subjects with ASD. Because we did not find a significant group effect on the peak and mean amplitude induced by BM, it is presumed that this atypical response in individuals with ASD was due to over-sensitivity to the local motion signals. This experimental paradigm showed atypical local motion processing of BM in individuals with ASD.

Frontal midline theta rhythm and gamma power changes during focused attention on mental calculation: an MEG beamformer analysis

Ishii R, Canuet L, Ishihara T, Aoki Y, Ikeda S, Hata M, Katsimichas T, Gunji A, Takahashi H, Nakaha … 全著者表示

frontiers in HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE 8 406 2014年6月 [査読有り] [招待有り]

DOI Web of Science PubMed

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）共著

Frontal midline theta rhythm (Fmθ) appears widely distributed over medial prefrontal areas in EEG recordings, indicating focused attention. Although mental calculation is often used as an attention-demanding task, little has been reported on calculation-related activation in Fmθ experiments. In this study we used spatially filtered MEG and permutation analysis to precisely localize cortical generators of the magnetic counterpart of Fmθ, as well as other sources of oscillatory activity associated with mental calculation processing (i.e., arithmetic subtraction). Our results confirmed and extended earlier EEG/MEG studies indicating that Fmθ during mental calculation is generated in the dorsal anterior cingulate and adjacent medial prefrontal cortex. Mental subtraction was also associated with gamma event-related synchronization, as an index of activation, in right parietal regions subserving basic numerical processing and number-based spatial attention. Gamma event-related desynchronization appeared in the right lateral prefrontal cortex, likely representing a mechanism to interrupt neural activity that can interfere with the ongoing cognitive task.

その他リンク： http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00406/full

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